Level measurement

107 Overview measuring principles

A

• Overview of application areas • Limits of operating conditions

Ultrasonics

Electromechanical level system

Radiometrics

FMU9x

FMU4x

FMM20

FMG50

FDU9x

FMM50

–40 to +150°C/ –40 to +302°F +0.7 to +3bar/ +10 to +44psi

–20 to +230°C/ –4 to +446°F +0.8 to +3bar/ +11.6 to +44psi

Unaffected by process temperature and pressure

0.07 to 45m/0.2 to 148ft

0.85 to 70m/2,8 to 230ft (special design up to 90m/295ft)

0.05 to 20m/0.16 to 66ft,

• ±2mm/0.08", ±0.2% of measuring distance

• ±5cm/2" (FMM50) • ±2.5cm/1" (FMM20)

• ±1% of measuring distance

• Extreme dust formation •Extreme filling noise • Strong build-up formation • Surface of bulk solids (grain size/ angled surface) • Fluidization •Baffles causing interfering reflections

• Strong build-up formation • Wear due to abrasion of mech. components • Burying due to collapsing product accumulation

• Extreme build-up formation • Extreme pressure fluctuation • External radiation (gammagraphy), solution with Gamma Modulator

•Blocking distance • Baffles in the sonic cone

• Extreme tensile forces if the risk of collapsing product accumulation on walls prevails • Measurement during filling

• Non-contact measurement from outside and, therefore, no application limits • Observe radiation protection laws

• Filling curtain in the sonic cone • Angled surface/funnel with a reflecting, smooth surface